Now that we have a foundational understanding of what Acute Myeloid Leukemia is, this week we will analyze the frequency and distribution of AML and learn about the specific populations that the disease effects. Many studies have been done and articles written on AML, but in the last five years, a few resources that had overlapping statistics seemed to be most reliable.
By learning about the epidemiology of the disease, we can educate more people about its prevalence and raise awareness, so that treatment options can be discussed as early as possible. Knowing which populations the disease is most prevalent in can also give certain people a good idea of who to look out for in regards to AML.
What is the distribution in the US?
The American Cancer Society’s estimates for leukemia in the US in 2014 as follows:
- About 52,380 new cases of leukemia (all kinds) and 24,090 deaths from leukemia (all kinds)
- About 18,860 new cases of acute myeloid leukemia. Most in adults
Are certain parts of the population more affected than others?
Acute myeloid leukemia is
generally a disease of older people and is uncommon before the age of 45. The
average age of a patient with AML is about 67 years. Around 50 children (0-14
years) are diagnosed with AML each year.
AML is slightly more
common among men than women, but the average lifetime risk in both sexes is
less than ½ of 1%.
An estimated 327,520
people in the US are either living with, or are in remission from, leukemia.
Total estimated number of
new acute myeloid leukemia cases in the United States for 2014 is a total of
18,860; 11,530 Male cases and 7,330 Female cases
What is the mortality and morbidity from this disease?
According to the American
Cancer Society estimates, the total estimated number of deaths from acute
myeloid leukemia is10,460. This is made up by 6,010 Male cases and 4,450 Female
cases.
When it comes to AML its
mortality outlook, generally the younger you are, the more likely your
treatment will go well. Of all adults diagnosed with AML, on average around 25%
will live for at least 5 years. More than half of people under 45 years old
will live for at least 5 years, while around 12 out of 100 people over the age
of 65 years will live for more than 5 years.
There are some prognostic
factors for AML listed below that has been shown to be harder to treat:
- You are older (>60 years)
- Your white blood cell count is very high when diagnosed
- Your AML developed because you had treatment for another cancer
- You have particular genetic changes (mutations) in leukemia cells
- It takes more than 2 cycles of chemotherapy to get leukemia under control
Cancer research UK. (n.d.). Statistics and outlook for acute myeloid leukaemia. Retrieved from http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/aml/treatment/statistics-and-outlook-for-acute-myeloid-leukaemia
American Cancer Society. (n.d.). What are the key statistics about acute myeloid leukemia? Retrieved from http://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-acutemyeloidaml/detailedguide/leukemia-acute-myeloid-myelogenous-key-statistics
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.leukaemia.org.au/blood-cancers/leukaemias/acute-myeloid-leukaemia-aml
American Cancer Society. (n.d.). What are the key statistics about acute myeloid leukemia? Retrieved from http://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-acutemyeloidaml/detailedguide/leukemia-acute-myeloid-myelogenous-key-statistics
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.leukaemia.org.au/blood-cancers/leukaemias/acute-myeloid-leukaemia-aml
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